Objective To investigate the application of interventional rodent control for monitoring and early warning in the natural foci of Meriones unguiculatus plague. Methods The population density of M. unguiculatus was monitored by 24 hour arch trap method and was predicted using the classic quantitative prediction formula for animals, and early warning was made in consideration of the local conditions. The anticoagulant brodifacoum was used as a rodenticide, and the poison bait with a brodifacoum concentration of 0.008% was put at the gerbil holes. Results On average, 10 kg of poison bait was applied per hectare; 14 days later, over 99% of gerbils were killed, and the mean population density of M. unguiculatus was decreased from 31 gerbils/hm2 to 0.25 gerbils/hm2. Conclusion In the high - risk areas of the natural foci of M. unguiculatus plague, the interventional rodent control measures using brodifacoum can effectively decrease the population density of main plague host, inhibiting the risk factors for plague outbreak among animals.

【Abstract】 Objective To discuss the influence factors of mice?to?mice plague in Yanchi county of Ningxia. Methods The density of field mouse was investigated by stratified sampling method. The mice were dissected and the viscera were taken out to do etiology examination by pressing culture method. The fleas collected were separated randomly into groups to do bacteriological analysis. Results During 2002-2006, the monitoring areas of Meriones unguiculatus plague accounted for 15.93% of total foci areas in Yanchi county. The average density of M.unguiculatus was 11.02/ hm2, and the infection rate of flea and the flea index were 34.17% and 0.85, respectively. Three indexes mentioned above were the highest in 2005 and 2006. There were 4633 field mice captured during 5 years, which belonged to 8 species 6 genus 4 family.  Sixty eight strains of Yersinia pestis were isolated including 57 strains from 3523 mice and 11 strains from 2393 fleas (about 380 groups). Conclusion M.unguiculatus and M.meridianus are the dominant species. Dipus sagitta, D.sibirica, Cricetulus barabensis and Phoodopus roborovskii are common species, and Cricetulus migratorius and Spermophilus dauricus are the rare species. The outbreak of mice plague has the positive correlation with mice density, infection rate of flea to mice and flea index. The projects about returning farmland to forests and pastures and forbidding grazing periodically increase the outbreak frequency and risk of mice?to?mice plague in the short time in Yanchi county.